给快递包装“减肥”是行业亟待解决的问题
It is an urgent problem for the industry to package "lose weight" for express delivery.
国家邮政局发布的《2017年快递市场监管报告》显示，2017年，中国快递业务量达到400.7亿件，同比增长28%，占据世界份额超40%，连续4年稳居世界第一。
According to the "Express Market Supervision Report 2017" issued by the State Post Office, in 2017, China's express delivery business reached 40.7 billion units, an increase of 28% over the same period of the year, accounting for more than 40% of the world's share, ranking first in the world for four consecutive years.
值得注意的是，快递量几何级增长的同时，快递包装所需的包装箱、胶带等物品的消耗量也十分惊人。业内有声音称，随着电商平台和快递行业的迅猛发展，快递包装废弃物远越来越多，并有从城市向农村扩大的趋势。
It is noteworthy that the number of express delivery geometric growth at the same time, express packaging needs packaging boxes, tape and other items consumption is very alarming. Industry voices said that with the rapid development of e-commerce platforms and express industry, express packaging waste is far more and more, and there is a trend from the city to the countryside to expand.
相关数据显示，2015年，全国快递共消耗99.22亿个包装箱、169.85万米胶带、82.68亿个塑料袋;2016年，共消耗约32亿条编织袋、约68亿个塑料袋、37亿个包装箱以及3.3亿卷胶带。而以上数据表明，快递垃圾开始成为环境治理的一个新难题。
Relevant data show that in 2015, China's express delivery consumed 9.922 billion boxes, 16.985 million meters of tape, 8.268 billion plastic bags; in 2016, it consumed about 3.2 billion woven bags, about 6.8 billion plastic bags, 3.7 billion packaging boxes and 330 million rolls of tape. The above data show that express waste has become a new problem of environmental governance.
众所周知，快递用的塑料袋往往成分比较复杂，主要由化工材料、生活垃圾等再加工而成，含有有害污染物质，不能重新加工，也不能降解，大多数只能填埋或焚烧，具有很大的安全隐患。
As we all know, the components of plastic bags used for express delivery are often complex, mainly from chemical materials, domestic waste and other reprocessed, containing harmful pollutants, can not be reprocessed, can not be degraded, most of them can only be landfill or incinerated, with great potential safety hazards.
另一方面，买卖双方一个为“利”、一个为“美”，快递包裹经常是里三层外三层，过度包装甚是可怕。而与之相对应的现实却是，我国包装垃圾的总体回收率小于20%，其中纸盒只有不到一半被回收，围城态势更加严峻。
On the other hand, the buyer and the seller are "profit" and "beauty" respectively. Express packages are often three layers inside and three layers outside. Over-packing is terrible. The corresponding reality is that the overall recovery rate of packaging waste in China is less than 20%, of which less than half of the cartons are recycled, and the siege situation is even more serious.
一直以来，快递包装量过大、回收利用率低下、资源浪费现象严重，快递过度包装就饱受诟病。业内人士表示，小小包装，是折射践行绿色发展理念的一面镜子，粗放式发展的快递业是时候转型升级了。
Over-packaged express delivery has always been criticized for its excessive quantity, low recycling efficiency and serious waste of resources. Industry insiders said that small packaging is a mirror reflecting the practice of green development concept, extensive development of the express industry is time for transformation and upgrading.
因此，快递包装如何“瘦身”和有效回收利用，已成亟待解决的问题。
Therefore, how to reduce weight and effective recycling of express packaging has become an urgent problem.
源头减量。从某种程度上，源头的控制相对末端要容易。相关部门可以借助法律手段，明确推行商品和快递包装的减量要求，包括限制一次性不可降解的塑料制品的使用，要通过法律手段进行规范。
Source reduction. To some extent, the control of source is easier than the end. Relevant departments can use legal means to clearly implement the reduction requirements of commodities and express packages, including restrictions on the use of disposable non-degradable plastic products, through legal means to regulate.
生态环境部副部长赵英民曾表示，为源头减少快递包装垃圾，建议推进绿色包装、绿色采购、绿色物流、绿色回收、大幅减少生产和流通过程中的资源消耗和污染物排放已经显得尤为紧迫和重要。
Zhao Yingmin, Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, once said that it was particularly urgent and important to promote green packaging, green procurement, green logistics, green recycling, greatly reduce resource consumption and pollutant emissions in the production and circulation process in order to reduce express packaging waste at the source.
中端回收。多数快递包装最终都会被消费者当作生活垃圾废弃，而这些东西有的是可回收的，有的是不可回收的。为促进快递垃圾减量化，应提升全民回收意识，建立完善的回收体系，并出台必要的鼓励机制。
Mid end recycling. Most express packages are eventually discarded by consumers as household waste, some of which are recyclable and some are non-recyclable. In order to promote the reduction of express waste, we should enhance the consciousness of the whole people to recycle, establish a perfect recycling system, and introduce the necessary incentive mechanism.
关于包装垃圾回收问题，也可以借鉴国外成功经验。如：日本通过制定并实施《包装再生利用法》，致力于回收体系的建设，鼓励在境内建立大量的回收站，通过定时回收、集合中转等方式，运输至专门的处理中心进行再循环、再制造处理。
As for the problem of packaging garbage recycling, we can learn from foreign successful experience. For example, through the enactment and implementation of the Law on Packaging Recycling and Utilization, Japan has devoted itself to the construction of recycling system, encouraged the establishment of a large number of recycling stations within the country, and transported them to special treatment centers for recycling and remanufacturing by means of regular recycling and collective transfer.
使用绿色包装。推进快递包装的绿色化，有效解决废弃物污染问题，必须建立完善相应的法律法规，通过明确货品的包装技术标准，强制性规定回收包装废弃物，从源头上遏制浪费、降低污染。
Use green packaging. To promote the green packaging of express delivery and effectively solve the problem of waste pollution, we must establish and improve the corresponding laws and regulations, through clear packaging technical standards, mandatory provisions for recycling packaging waste, from the source to curb waste and reduce pollution.
当然，快递“过度包装”问题涉及包装材料供应商、电商平台和商家、消费者、快递企业等多个主体，推动快递包装“绿色化”需多方共同努力。（中国环保在线）
Of course, the express "over-packaging" problem involves packaging materials suppliers, e-commerce platforms and businessmen, consumers, express enterprises and other subjects, to promote the "green" express packaging needs joint efforts. (China environmental protection online)
转自现代物流报
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